Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria

Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria Glory Ajabiowe The Role of New Media in Reporting Emergencies in Nigeria. (A Case Study of Ebola Virus) CHAPTER ONE:  INTRODUCTION 1.1  BACKGROUND OF STUDY Emergency communication is known for its immediate communication with stakeholders and its ability to change at a moment’s notice. Social media is also an evolving field. The use of social media is growing at an exponential rate. Since their introduction, Social Network Sites (SNSs) such as Facebook, MySpace, Cyworld, Twitter and Bebo have attracted millions of users, many of whom have integrated these sites into their daily practices, (Goldfine, 2011). We[E1] define social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. There are many ideas about the first occurrence of social media. â€Å"Throughout much of human history, we’ve developed technologies that make it easier for us to communicate with each other† (Carton, 2009). The earliest information encountered by the writers of this article  referred to 1792 and the use of the telegraph to transmit and receive messages over long distances (Ritholz, 2010). Emile Durkheim, a French sociologist known by many as the father of sociology, and Ferdinand Tonnies, a German sociologist, are considered pioneers of social networks during the late 1800s. Tonnies believed that social groups could exist because members shared values and beliefs or because shared conflict. His theory dealt with the social contract conceptions of society. Durkheim combined empirical research with sociological theory. Also, in the late 1800s, the radio and telephone were used for social interaction, albeit one-way with the radio (Rimskii, 2011, Wren, 2004). Since the late 1990’s, the new social media have not only changed the perception of risk and  crises, but also citizens expectations towards emergency response officials, the private sector,  volunteer organizations, etc[E2]. Twitter, Facebook and Ushahidi among others have been widely used to communicate about risks and crisis situations (e.g. 2010 Haiti earthquake, 2011 Fukushima nuclear accident, etc.[E3]). This change is linked to the rapid development of the Web 2.0 and its applications. While Internet traffic is expected to grow 25-30% between 2011 and 2015 in North America, Western Europe and Japan, and to reach or surpass 50% in Latin America, the Middle East and Africa according to the UN global pulse white book, the use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter is growing even more rapidly. Social media is user-generated content distributed through the Internet with the intent to  be shared and facilitate conversation between users (Wright Hinson, 2009). Social media is  one of the major methods of social interaction around the world today (Wright Hinson, 2009). In general, the following are considered social media tools and platforms: message boards, photo  sharing, podcasts, Really Simple Syndication (RSS), video sharing, Wikis, blogs, social  networks and micro-blogging sites (Wright Hinson, 2009). Social Media can be called a strategy and an outlet for broadcasting, while Social Networking is a tool and a utility for connecting with others (Cohen, 2009; Stelzner, 2009). Furthermore, Cohen (2009) reports that à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¸the difference is not just semantics but in the features and functions put into these websites by their creators which dictates the way they are to be used†.[E4] Facebook is a social networking website launched in February 2004, and it is privately operated by Facebook, Inc. (Facebook, 2004). Facebook was founded by Mark Zuckerberg and others when he was a student at Harvard; though when the site was initially launched, it was restricted to Harvard students only. Later the privilege was extended to high school students and later to everyone that is 13 years or older (Boyd, 2007). As of July 2010, Facebook has more than 500 million active users. In January 2009, Facebook was ranked as the most used social network worldwide. Also, in May 2010, Google announced that more people visited Facebook than any other website in the world. It declares that this was discovered from findings on 1,000 sites across the world, (TIMES, 2010). Users may create a personal profile; add other users as friends, and exchange messages, including automatic notifications, photos and comments when they update their profile. Additionally, Facebook users may join common i nterest user groups, organized by workplace, school, college, or other characteristics. Ebola virus was discovered in 1976 and since then 2,265 reported cases of Ebola fever in humans around the world of these victims, 1,531 resulted in death killed. Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, (CDC, 2012). The first known case of Ebola in Nigeria was a traveller exposed in Liberia. On July 17, 2014, while under observation in a Monrovia, Liberia, hospital for possible Ebola, the patient developed a fever and, while symptomatic, left the hospital against medical advice. Despite advice against travel, on July 20 he flew by commercial airline from Monrovia via Accra, Ghana, to Lomà ©, Togo, then changed aircraft, and flew to Lagos. On arrival the afternoon of July 20, he was acutely ill and immediately transported to a private hospital where he was noted to have fever, vomiting, and diarrhoea. During hospital admission, the patient was queried about Ebola and said he had no known exposure; he was initially treated for presumed malaria. Based on the patients failure to respond to malaria treatment and his travel from an Ebola-affected country in the region, treating physicians suspected Ebola. The patient was isolated and tested for Ebola virus infection while local public health authorities were alerted about a suspected case of Ebola. A blood specimen sent to Lagos University Teaching Hospital was confirmed positive for acute Ebola virus infection. The patient died on July 25. Port Health Services conducted early contact tracing at the airport and worked with airlines and partners to ensure notification of the outbreak through International Health Regulations mechanisms During the 2009 influenza pandemic, tweets and SMS were used to indicate where vaccination  against H1N1 influenza was available. Social media were used to encourage the population to  vaccinate and to indicate where the nearest place was to do so. In Kenya, which has 33 million people there are 11.3 million mobile phone subscribers but only 264000 landline and 3 million internet users. An opt-in system for blood donors enables them to receive text messages or email reminders stating when they are eligible to donate again but also messages calling for donors of specific blood types during shortages or crises. The World Health Organisation (WHO) uses social media in its Strategic Health Operations  Centre (SHOC) which operate 24-7. Thanks to TweetDeck, they conduct search by selected keywords on Twitter. WHO now has two full-time social media staff and receives nearly 6,000 new followers on Twitter per week and about the same number on Facebook per month. These numbers are growing, which helps WHO both to monitor health crisis and provide good advices to the followers. During the Fukushima events, the TweetDeck observed that some people were telling their friends to drink wound cleaners, which contain iodine, because they thought this would help their body be prepared for the nuclear radiation coming up. Via Twitter and Facebook, the WHO social media team warned people not to drink it because it could be harmful. The same day, WHO noticed people rushing to take iodine pills and tweeted: â€Å"Consult your doctor before taking iodine pills. Do not self-medicate!† As communication technology diversifies and proliferates, social media (Facebook, Twitter, etc.) are increasingly used to convey information during crises to send warnings, to conduct situational awareness, and even to catalyse action and sustain dialogs and feedback loops among public authorities, volunteer groups, the business sector and citizens. Despite their usefulness, governments view social media with some caution due to the cost that could be incurred by trying to keep pace with growing citizen expectations. The reliability of social media content is sometimes questioned, though filtering tools have been developed that may be used to reduce time spent reading irrelevant messages and untrustworthy sources. The social media can be used to enhance risk and crisis communication in several ways. First,  they are collaborative and participatory. Online discussions can improve situation awareness. Second, they are decentralised. The information can circulate very quickly among actors, thanks to RSS feeds or Tweets, which are immediately available online to multiple organisations. Third, social media are popular and accessible. Emergency services can extend their reach when sending information or warning. Finally, social media can provide data that are geographically or temporally traceable. It becomes possible to monitor the geographical and time development of a crisis thanks to digitally generated content. The evolution of social media has led to faster spread of messages and the ability to minimize harm done to an organization in a crisis scenario. Social media is starting to change the way we do business, and I think if we don’t realize what’s happening in emergency management then people are going to look up, and they’re going to go- †What just happened?†Ã‚  (Richard, 2011). But Social media also has the potential to ruin a company’s reputation or expedite the spread of harmful corporate rumors (Semple, 2009). This is evident in the spread of the water salt solution (Salty Friday) by a tertiary institution student via the Facebook that led to the death of many people all over the country including Plateau state after many drank the salt water and bath with it (Salty Friday). For Iqaluit’s mayor, Madeleine Redfern in (Canadian Red Cross, 2012), Facebook is often the best way to reach members of her community, especially in emergencies. Many Iqaluit residents use Facebook, which can provide timely updates and allow for two-way communication more effectively than mainstream media. By sharing timely information with her community through social media, Mayor Redfern can help dispel rumors before they spread. â€Å"If misinformation is not corrected and it spreads like wildfire, then suddenly people are angry and scared and act in ways not in their best interest,† she added. â€Å"It’s the difference between an informed public and a panicked one.† In Nigeria, 56 Ebola cases have been reported of which 6 has been killed by the disease. It is against this background the researcher is willing to examine the attitude of social media users towards the awareness of Ebola virus on Facebook. 1.2  STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Social networking sites can serve many uses throughout emergencies and disaster relief. Social networking sites can gather information in a central location as well as serve as a resource to understand the magnitude of a disaster during the disaster or emergency (Palen et al., 2009). However, the major problem is that Facebook users post, comment, sharing information on Ebola virus which they know little or nothing about the credibility of its source as to add salt to bathwater which also killed some hypertensive patients in Borno state. Social media users know little or nothing about the rule or law guiding post, comment, sharing information and so on. Another problem is that many of the users on social media expressed their opinion with little or no proper editing of the contents they are sharing. The source of major information, idea, concept being discussed through social media lack credibility and authority. Opinion and attitudes are only formed based on the information posted on social networking sites since there is not an established gatekeepers unlike traditional mass media where the reporters, proof-readers and editors make corrections and filter before disseminated to the citizen, as citizens are now part of information gathering and dissemination. 1.3  RESEARCH QUESTIONS The distinctiveness of this research is to be based on the following research questions. To what extent has Nigeria explored facebook in reporting the Ebola virus? What are emergency managers’ attitudes toward facebook and other social media? To what extent has the use of facebook resulted to falsified/speculative report of critical issues in Nigeria? What benefits are gained from the use of facebook and other social media use during emergencies? 1.4  AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The study is geared to achieve these aims and objectives To ascertain how the internet Web technology has affected the practice of journalism in Nigeria. To ascertain how the use of social media in plateau state has impacted the system in terms of reporting emergency cases. To find out how the use of facebook has aided human interaction in plateau state. To find out and examine the pitfalls of facebook in the report of the Ebola Virus outbreak. 1.5  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study is to understand how social media is being used in emergency situations. It attempts to understand communication throughout a disease outbreak and the various ways social media can be used to supplement disaster relief efforts. The study will go a long way to bridge the gap of knowledge existing about the use of the social media platform for ordinary chats among friends and set a paradigm for human cooperation and interaction through the sharing of vital information during emergency periods and when other urgent issues of national relevance come into play or relevant. By exploring current social media practices of emergency relief and government organizations, and their successes and failures during emergencies best practices will be established, so as to help add to the bank of knowledge already existent in the field. 1.6 SCOPE OF STUDY Facebook.comaccording to Alexa website ranking on 4th, January 2014 was regarded as the most visited website with statistic of 900,000,000 per month followed bygoogle.com, while Twitter is ranked as one of the ten-most-visited websites worldwide by Alexa’s Web Traffic Analysis. It is recorded that at least 5 million and seven hundred and fifty thousand Nigerians are on facebook with a good number of them being young or students. (facebook statistics, 2014). This has prompted me to use facebook as a social media platform for this study. More so, this study is limited to Jos South local government, Plateau state. 1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS The researcher intends to define ambiguous terms in this study with the operational meaning as it will be used in the study and not the dictionary meanings. New media: This is a new platform/provision that came with the turn of the millennium and ushered in immediacy and interaction in the art and science of communication and also makes possible/faster the unification of the world into a global village. Emergency: This is an impromptu call or situation that may be caused by a disease outbreak, natural disaster, etc., for which human attention/help is needed immediately. Facebook: This is a social media platform that allows users to share comments, pictures, videos and other forms of communication and bridges the gap created by distance. Ebola Virus: This is a viral disease that infected 56 people in Nigeria and killed 6. It is characterized by cough, fever, acute headache, and bleeding before death. Salty Friday: This is the day a group of students used the facebook and falsely reported that people should drink and bath with salt water to remedy the Ebola Virus. This day was evident with phone calls, text messages and chats in the middle of the night and in the early hours of the day. REFERENCES Boyd, D. (2007). Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship. Computer Mediated Communication, 3-20. Carton, S. (2009). Defining social media. Retrieved from http://www.clickz.com/clickz/column/1703507/defining-social-media CDC, (2014 ) â€Å"CDC Urges all US Residents to Avoid None-essential Travel to Liberia, Guinea and Sierra Leon Because of an Unprecedented Outbreak of Ebola†. CDC, July 31. Cohen, L. S. (2009, April 30). Is There A Difference Between Social Media And Social Networking? Retrieved from Lonscohen: Émile Durkheim. (2010). In Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica. Retrieved from Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/174299/Emile- Durkheim Facebook. (2004). Facebook Inc. Retrieved from Facebook.com: http://www.face.com Goldfine, E. (2011) The Use of Social Media Throughout Emergency Disaster Relief. Washington DC. Palen, L., et al. (2009). Crisis in a Networked World: Features of Computer-Mediated Communication ,Virginia Tech Event. Social Science Computer Review, 27(4), 467-480. doi: Article Red cross (2012) Canadian red cross on social media, Canada: the star phoenix Rimskii, V. (2011). The influence of the Internet on active social involvement and the formation   and development of identities. Russian Social Science Review, 52 (1), 79-101. Ritholz, B. (2010) History of social media. Retrieved from http://www.ritholtz.com/blog/2010/12/history-of-social-media/ Social media update (2014.) while facebook remains the most popular site, other platforms see higher rates of growth. Pew research centre Stelzner, M. (2009, May 22). Social Media vs. Social Networking : What s the difference . Retrieved December 4, 2010, from examiner: http://www.examiner.com/networking-in- national/social-media-vs-social-networking-what-s-the-difference Semple, E. (2009). Update your crisis communication plan with social media.  Strategic Communication Management, 13(5), 7. doi: Article. TIMES, L. (2010). The business and culture of our digital lives, . Los Angeles Times, 1. Wright, D., Hinson, M. (2009). An Updated Look at the Impact of Social Media on Public  Relations Practice. Public Relations Journal, 3(2), 27. [E1]Who is the we? Cite properly [E2]Avoid the use of etc. instead use words like ‘and others’ [E3]Same as above [E4]Plagiarism

Antony and Cleopatra Essay

This scene presents the readers with a brief preface to the universally known love story of Antony, the ‘triple power of this world’, and Cleopatra, his ‘wrangling strumpet’. The scene opens with two Romans, Philo and Demetrius, discussing the incredible power Cleopatra has over Antony and the remarkable change they can perceive in Antony’s character. Through Philo’s opening speech we are told that Antony’s former qualities included those of a strong-minded ruler and a valiant warrior, including physical prowess and military skill. However, the Romans now see him as a changed man who is no longer behaving like a ruler; instead of fulfilling the duties of a leader and returning to Rome, he is being ruled by a â€Å"tawny gypsy†. Thus, before meeting the lovers themselves, we are presented with the Roman attitude towards the relationship; responsibility and allegiance has been abandoned for love. We sense that Antony must be debating in his mind whether to pursue his passion or perform his duty, and those around him are anxiously waiting for him to embrace his role as a leader again and return to his former self. On observing the interaction between the two characters, I found myself accepting Philo’s objections to the relationship and his observations on Antony’s altered state, and studying the evident infatuation that is blinding Antony as he loses his sense of responsibility. Cleopatra is his self-indulgence, and he cannot entirely understand his great sexual passion for her. We know that his overindulgence leads to a loss of reason and control later in the play, and the disregard he expresses in this first scene towards his obligations makes us aware of the great power his passion has. â€Å"Let the Rome in Tiber melt, and the wide arch/of their love. † His indifference towards the news from Rome again illustrates how he is shirking his duties in Rome when under the spell of the exotic, mysterious eastern monarch. From the first scene, we learn of Cleopatra’s ‘tawny front’, entrapment of a great general and her ‘gypsy lust’. Her entrance is a grand one, accompanied by Antony, ‘her Ladies, the train, with Eunuchs fanning her’. Her authority and command as a ruler are emphasized, and as we then witness in the dialogue between the lovers, her power over Antony mirrors her political power. In this first scene, we see Cleopatra as both dominant and skeptical. ‘If it be love indeed’, she taunts Antony, ‘tell me how much. ‘ Antony, the ‘triple pillar of the world’ is ‘transform’d /Into a strumpet’s fool’ as he prepares to renounce all his power in exchange for Cleopatra. Cleopatra seems to love these assertions of love, as she is wary of the fact that she stands on loose ground, even though she is a seductress of the best abilities. Antony is married to Fulvia, and Cleopatra questions his love for his wife†¦ is it greater than the love he holds for her? We see here that her love for Antony is possessive, yet she too depends on it. Although she dominates Antony in the opening exchanges, her first line ‘If it be love indeed, tell me how much’ points to the ever searching, questing, explorative nature of her personality. She teases, wrangles and resists the definite, whilst playing on Antony’s weak spots, reminding him of his wife and public responsibilities. Thus, I feel the strongest aspect of the relationship that Shakespeare conveys here is highlighted when Antony tells Cleopatra ‘There’s not a minute of our lives should stretch/Without some pleasure now’: all is to be reduced and sacrificed for the sensuous, intense pleasure of the moment – hedonism is to predominate over duty and responsibility.

Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics - What Is It?

Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics - What Is It? But What About Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics? In case you were allowed to select this issue by yourself, it's not surprising that you have become puzzled by the assignment. To be able to write it really good, it is very important to define your topic clearly. The topic is dependent upon your degree level and techniques. If you're investigating a topic for the very first time, cause'' may be too tricky to pursue, even when you are extremely interested in it. Instead, it supplies general info about what types of questions or issues are dealt with by the job. It's not about covering a particular topic or offering a remedy to the current problem. In our business, you will acquire professional writing services. The studies have explained extremely well the usage of technology in various courses and school. Whatever They Told You About Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why For this reason, you ought to define the reach of your studying to allow you to know what things to include and exclude. While annotated bibliography is simply a preparation for writing a true research paper, it's time along with energy consuming. Judging from the character of your project, an assessment ought to be made on the worth of the specific sources at hand. Pay attention in order for the paper follows the essential academic style. A comment should offer enough info to influence a peruser to select whether to peruse the complete work. When you enlist our services for the very first time, you receive a discount for a beginner. When you request for help, we'll work on your purchase and get it delivered before the deadline. Now you know how to compose each component of an annotated bibliography, the last step is to put it all together and make certain it's in proper format. The War Against Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics Then you'll need to craft a paper with respect to your tutor's re quirements. It's also advisable to ask your professor what topics you should highlight in the annotation, dependent on the goal of the assignment. Several techniques of annotated bibliographies organizing can be used. An annotated bibliography might be a part of a bigger project or it could be a stand-alone assignment. Unlike abstracts, annotations contain critical details on the source, it main thoughts and quality. Nevertheless, phrases and lists might be used. Articles, choices you would like to guarantee that may include. When you have narrowed down on a topic, you must do a rigorous and in depth search for those citations that you want to include pertaining to the topic. The Importance of Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics If you write your very first assignment, we'd advise you to look for essay examples and learn to create references correctly. There are some amazing suggestions to think about when getting an annotated bibliography essay topic ready. If you prefer e xcellent paper essay examples, reach out to us here today and we're going to do our very best to supply you with the most suitable aid. You can be assured your papers will be highly eligible in addition to remarkable. Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics - the Story As an example, an annotation could give an overview of the source only, or it may also supply some extra evaluation of that material. There are annotated bibliographies that contain a mix of annotations. Based on the sort of annotation you use, which this handout will address within the next section, there might be additional kinds of information you have to include. Annotated bibliography template is going to be a vivid example and you're going to be able to produce an outstanding annotation with no mistakes and flaws! The Argument About Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics It is obvious to see an annotated bibliography will help you become a better researcher. An annotated bibliography is just a bibliography with annotations. It provides a brief account of the available research on a given topic. Basically, any annotated bibliography contains two important components, citations and annotations, and you need to know how to compose each one. The initial four elements above are normally a crucial portion of the annotated bibliography. For instance, you may encounter a job of writing an annotated bibliography. Therefore, all you will need is to specify the bibliography format you want, and the remainder of the job is ours. Just three quick actions and you've got an annotated bibliography! Whatever They Told You About Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics Is Dead Wrong...And Here's Why Seasoned writers will give you good topics annotated bibliography, which means you can select the one which interests you. What's more, the procedure for writing can on occasion become tedious. Getting Started To make an annotated bibliography calls for the usage of various intellectual skills. The primary aim of writing an annotated bibliography is to provide the reader an informative description concerning the accuracy, relevance, and grade of the sources which have been cited. Annotated Bibliography Essay Topics Secrets That No One Else Knows About In both instances, it's critical to recognize the source. If you're using an appropriate example, it will be able to help you to prevent many mistakes and difficulties, and give an opportunity to give a high-quality paper. Absence of information and very low quality of writing won't bring you a deserved outcome. Furthermore, there's information found here about how an individual can be guarded against racial discrimination. It is simple when you compose a quick essay with a couple of sources. Citation for the essay could possibly be applied in various formats. An annotated bibliography gives you specific info about each source you've used. Bibliography for the essay could possibly be organized in line with the topic or some other scheme. Obviously, your opinion ought to be objective and unbiased. Though trying to write on your own isn't a lousy idea, deficiency of adequate understanding about the subject or the formatting can result in errors that could cost you a lot regarding your scores. The word analytical clues you into the concept you have to rate the sources you're working with and offer some type of critique. It is simpler to do when you imagine somebody who hasn't read your source.

The Natural Violence of Human Nature as Shown Through the...

The Natural Violence of Human Nature as Shown Through the Epic Beowulf Violence is the way of the game in the world of Beowulf. It is how things get done. It is what people care about. The songs in the Mead Hall are all sung of the great violent epics that took place in the times long gone. When there is no violence that can be perpetrated, these cultures tell stories of violence, so as to release this need for aggression that is somewhere deep with in them. This is in many ways like the world that we live in. Humans in this modern world are surrounded and fascinated by violence. Whether or not they are taking part in it, it does fascinate them. It can be found in television, movies, video games, music, books, and all other†¦show more content†¦In the Epic of Beowulf, peace lasts for over fifty years and all the text that is devoted to it is two lines. That is all. The other several thousand lines take place over a span of couple days and the great accomplishment of fifty years of peace merits only two lines. Then again, how different is that from the way that we keep and tell our histories. Most history textbooks glance over decades of time in just a couple pages. Then, when they get to a war, they spend several chapters and many pages on just a couple years worth of time. A student barely learns any of the great legislation that is passed to protect the people of the United States of America, but they can on the other hand tell you all about the great battles of the Revolutionary and Civil Wars. Usually and American History student will receive just one chart about FDR?s programs to combat the Great Depression where as when it comes to World War II, entire books will be read about the strategy, tactics and turning points in the war. The epic Beowulf focuses on the same aggressive violent human nature that almost every single American History textbook we study does. Beowulf concludes with the construction of a mound in his honor, building an everlasting memorial to his heroic deeds. He is buried with armor, weapons, and loot. This is in a way the nationalShow MoreRelatedThe Epic Scale Of The Poem Beowulf 2968 Words   |  12 Pagesstory of Beowulf, as it appears in the version written by an unknown author in the early Middle Ages, is unique as a rare surviving example of epic poetry in the English tradition. In this paper, I will show the qualities that make Beowulf an epic, and I will explain the significance of the epic scale of the poem by looking at the battles that take place in the story. 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The Raven By Edgar Allan Poe Essay - 1073 Words

The poem I selected is â€Å"The Raven† written by popular American writer, Edgar Allan Poe. I chose this poem because of previous memories of reading several of Edgar Allan Poe’s writings. I remember in 8th grade when my teacher introduced the whole class to a short story called â€Å"The Tell Tale Heart†. I loved the poem a lot, I liked how gory, detailed, and interesting it was. It went perfectly for the time of year it was, which was October. Soon after we were done reading the poem, the whole grade went on a class trip, to see live performances of several of Poe’s short stories and poems being performed by actors. It was fun and the actors were very talented and they captured every emotion perfectly. Overall, it was a very good experience. This poem reminds me of The poem that I selected is perfect for the Fall time and Halloween. The poem is very detailed and long and has a eerie, spooky vibe to it. As you read the poem you start imagining what is happening, like a movie. Or a picture book in your head. Summary/ Analysis The poem sets in a town near the woods in the wintertime of December at night. The poem begins with the narrator reading a book at his house and he is about to fall asleep, but is fighting the urge to. He keeps thinking his love Lenore, even though they are no longer together. He hears someone at the door and answers politely and then come outs and finds no one there. He is afraid and scared since he is all alone by himself. He figures outShow MoreRelatedThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe849 Words   |  4 Pagesnarrator of The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe experiences this void after the loss of his love Lenore. The narrator is isolated from the world until a raven appears before him. The events and dialogue that follow are what makes The Raven such a legendary piece of literature. The gothic poem The Raven by Edgar Allan Poe is an example of repetition and shift. With the help of repetition and shift, Poe’s use of diction gives the reader clarity to the meaning of the poem. Nevermore, the answer the Raven gives theRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe (the Raven)1496 Words   |  6 PagesEdgar Allan Poes The Raven Poes The Raven is not only an American classic, its a favorite of high school students around the world, as well as their teachers. That being said, its still poetry and therefore can be difficult to understand. Read this summary to review the contents and get a better understanding. * Stanzas: 1-2 Make everyone in class think youre really smart when you bust out everything youve learned in this summary: Stanza 1:  Its late. The poems speaker is tiredRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe1062 Words   |  5 PagesWritten by Edgar Allan Poe, â€Å"The Raven† is a famous short poem known for the dark fantasy that it portrays. From the mindset of a first person narrative, one may experience the tale through the eyes of a haunted man who is in mourning for the death of his beloved Lenore. As this man sits in his chamber, within a dark and dreary December night, a â€Å"raven of the saintly days of yore† visits him. The raven is no ordinary bird, for it is like a ghost, silent, yet it answers every inquiry the man presentsRead MoreThe Raven by Edgar Allan Poe1334 Words   |  6 PagesCastro Professor Gary Smith English 1302 10/31/2012 Symbolism in â€Å"The Raven† Edgar Allan Poe was highly criticized throughout his life whether it was for his high achievements or his downfalls; he always seemed to be talked about. Poe was born in January 19, 1809; his mother died shortly after being abandoned by his father leaving him and his brothers’ orphans at an early age. Poe was taken by John and Francis Allan. With the help of his foster parents he was later able to attend the UniversityRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe964 Words   |  4 Pages Essay 1 In the poem â€Å"The Raven†, Edgar Allan Poe expresses a current state of drunkenness, drug use, and depression as existing in a dark and dreary prison like setting, tormented by the memories of a lost love. Poe’s literary career was undoubtedly influenced by the many tragedies he suffered in his life. These misfortunes are evident in the correlation between his characters in his writings and real life events. It is clear that Poe had a problematic life from a young age; he struggled with mentalRead MoreThe Raven, By Edgar Allan Poe Essay1741 Words   |  7 Pagesprominent writer of the horror fiction genre would be Edgar Allan Poe, well known for writing The Raven, who would be the most recognizable and most established horror writer. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston on January 19, 1809 and was the middle child of three children. At the age of 3, both of his parents died and was then taken in by a tobacco merchant by the name of John Allan in Richmond, Virginia. John Allan wanted Poe to be a businessman but Edgar was by no means a businessman. By the age of 13Read MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe1157 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Raven† is a fictional poem written by Edgar Allan Poe in which the audience witnesses the narrator’s gradual change from a weary scholar to grieving lover. While falling asleep, he suddenly hears a tap at his chamber door. In alarm, the scholar tries to reason with himself and explain away the soft tapping. Eventually, he gains courage, opens the door, and finds it void of anyone. The narrator immediately wonders if it is perhaps his lost love, Lenore waiting for him, yet the only answer toRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe945 Words   |  4 Pageshad to experience hardly any grief in my life. Everyone is different which results in everyone having their own way that they deal with grief. The way that Edgar Allan Poe describes grief and the way that Emily Dickinson describes grief is both different and similar. Poe’s famous poem titled â€Å"The Raven† is a great example of how Edgar Allan Poe writes about grief. The poem is about the grief of the narrator during the loss of the love of his life, Lenore. The narrator’s opening statement in theRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe1900 Words   |  8 Pagesall expectations and thoughts on poetry. His name is Edgar Allan Poe. He brought a lot more to the scene than just poetry, and that is what he is well known for. His poetry was more than just writing; they were dark stories that somehow resembled to him in some way. He wrote great works such as, â€Å"Eldorado†, â€Å"A Dream†, and â€Å"Alone.† All of those poems are great, but there is two that stand out far greater than all of them: â€Å"Annabel Lee† and â€Å"The Raven.† They share a similar story-line, but different popularityRead MoreThe Raven By Edgar Allan Poe Essay2246 Words   |  9 Pagesthat directly connects you to a well-known poem by Edgar Allan Poe. â€Å"The Raven† is a literary work that has gone down in ages as being a timeless classic that transcends your senses as you dive into this sinister tale. Poe had a life of hardships but still was able to prevail in life becoming a great writer writing many poems and stories that are mysterious and prevalent today. â€Å"The Raven† has many displaced factors that make it seem as though Poe is truly referencing his life throughout the work

Nursing Practice Act Free Essays

string(80) " nurse until a person is capable of safely engaging in the practice of nursing\." Nursing Practice Act Being a former nursing student in the state of Pennsylvania I have had the Nursing Practice Act of Pennsylvania. Before this assignment I knew little of the Pennsylvania laws and absolutely none of the state of Florida. Every state has their set of laws, which is referred to the Nursing Practice Act. We will write a custom essay sample on Nursing Practice Act or any similar topic only for you Order Now Every nursing student must have a copy. The nursing practice act ensures that anyone practicing does not fall below the minimum competency and does not present danger to the public, and anyone who does will be prohibited from practicing (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. ). Nurses have a legal liability to advocate for patients, and provide safe administration of medications, and provide quality, nursing care to patients without negligence. With this paper I will explain nursing practice, continuing education and it’s requirements, as well as the composition and responsibilities of the state board of nursing. Nursing practice means the performance of those acts requiring substantial specialized knowledge, judgment, and nursing skill based upon applied principles of psychological, biological, physical, and social sciences (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. ). That may sum up nursing but nurses do a lot more. Nurses have a legal liability to advocate for patients, and provide safe admini stration of medications, and provide quality, nursing care to patients without negligence. They educate the ill, injured, and infirmed. Promote wellness, maintenance of health, and prevention of illness of others. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). â€Å"Advanced or specialized nursing practice† means, in addition to the practice of professional nursing, the performance of advanced-level nursing acts approved by the board. Which by virtue of post-basic specialized education, training, and experience are appropriately performed by an advanced registered nurse practitioner. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). Being a Nurse Practitioner is the closest form of nursing to a doctor. They may perform acts of medical diagnosis and treatment, are able to write prescription, and when approved by the joint committee they can preform an operation. The committee consists of two advanced registered nurse practitioners; three members appointed by the board of medicine, and the State Surgeon general of the department or the State Surgeon General’s designee. All of the acts stated above must be performed under the general supervision of a licensed practitioner (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7).. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, p. 7). Once you finally graduate from the nursing program (yay! ) you must take further steps in order to be able to practice. First you need to apply to the department to take your Nclexx. There is an application fee which does not exceed $150. 00, an examination fee set by the board which does not exceed $75. 00, and finally the actual per applicant cost to the department for purchase of the exam from the National Council of State Boards of Nursing. Next you will have to provide sufficient information on or after October 1, 1989, which must be submitted by the department for a statewide criminal records correspondence check through the Department of Law Enforcement. You must be in good mental and physical health, is a recipient of a high school diploma or the equivalent, and has completed the requirements for graduation from an approved program, or its equivalent as determined by the board, for the preparation of registered nurses or licensed practical nurses, whichever is applicable. Courses successfully completed in a professional nursing program, which are at least equivalent to a practical nursing program, may be used to satisfy the education requirements for licensure as a licensed practical nurse. You have be able to communicate in the English language, which may be determined by an examination given by the department. Finally, Each applicant who passes the examination and provides proof of meeting the educational requirements specified in subsection shall, unless denied pursuant to s. 64. 018, be entitled to licensure as a registered professional nurse or a licensed practical nurse, whichever is applicable. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 9). In any field of work there is a code of conduct. If you choose to stray away from the rules it can lead to disciplinary action; denial, suspension, or even revocation of a license. A thing we are seeing a lot of any more is sexual misconduct in the work place. Nurse-patient relationship is founded on mutual trust. Sexual misconduct in the practice of nursing means violation of the nurse-patient relationship through which the nurse uses said relationship to induce or attempt to induce the patient to engage, or to engage or attempt to engage the patient, in sexual activity outside the scope of the practice or the scope of generally accepted examination or treatment of the patient. Sexual misconduct in the practice of nursing is prohibited. The following acts constitute grounds for denial of a license or disciplinary action, as specified in s. 56. 072(2):? Making or filing false reports or records; false, misleading, or deceptive advertising; unprofessional conduct; Engaging or attempting to engage in the possession sale or distribution of controlled substances set forth in chapter 893; Being irresponsible and unable to practice without reasonable skill and safety to patients due to illness or use of alcohol, drugs, narcotics, or chemicals, or any other type of material as a result of any mental or physical condition. Failing to report to the department anyone who the licensee knows is in violation of this part or to the rules of the department or the board, violating while being aware of any provision of the board or the departments or lawful order of the board, or failing to comply with a lawfully issued subpoena of the departments. Failing to report any licensee who the nurse knows has violated the grounds for disciplinary action, failing to meet the standards for acceptable and prevailing nursing practice. The board may deny licensure against any applicant or licensee who is found guilty of violating any provision of subsection 1. The board will not reinstate the license of a nurse until a person is capable of safely engaging in the practice of nursing. You read "Nursing Practice Act" in category "Essay examples" The board shall not reinstate the license of a nurse who has been found guilty by the board on three separate occasions of violations. The board shall by rule establish guidelines for the disposition of disciplinary cases involving specific types of violations. Such guidelines may include minimum and maximum fines, periods of supervision or probation, or conditions of probation or reissuance of a license. Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 14-15). The one thing I love about nursing is all of the advancements and the almost endless continuing education. Continuing education is defined as planned offerings designed to enhance learning and promote the continued development of knowledge, skills, and attitudes consistent with contemporary standards for nursing practice. It is also important for nurses to be up t o date with all of with all of the advancements in the medical field with technology and all of the new medicine the keeps coming out. Each licensed nurse, upon request, has to submit proof satisfactory to the Board of participation in appropriate continuing education. During each two years one contact hour must be earned for each calendar month of the licensure cycle. Any person licensed by examination within a two year period are exempt from the continuing education requirement for those two years; however, this exemption or limitation if you will, will only apply if the license is renewed in a timely manner at the end of the two years and does not apply if the license is suspended, revoked or is inactive at the end of the two years. Any nurse who is also licensed as a practical nurse may satisfy the continuing education requirements for renewal of both licenses by completing appropriate continuing education for a registered nurse. A license is also exempt from continuing education requirements at the time of renewal if the licensee was on active duty with the Armed Forces within six months of the renewal date. However, short periods of duty such as summer of weekend drills do not count. Duty in the U. S. Public Health Service is not considered duty in the Armed Forces. A nurse who is married to a member of the Armed Forces and was caused to be absent from Florida due to the spouses duties can be exempt from continuing education. The licensee must show satisfactory proof of the absence and the spouse’s military states (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 60). The licensee must show satisfactory proof of the absence and the spouse’s military states (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 60). The content of the education shall be specifically designed to meet the objectives and the stated level and learning needs of the participants. The education should reflect the professional educational needs for the learner in order to meet the health care needs of the consumer. All of the offering contact hours will be at least 50 minutes in length or one contact hour. The hours will be awarded for clinical as well as classroom education (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 62). Besides the basic nurse professional continuing education, there are specific areas a nurse is required to have continuing education in such as HIV/AIDS, Domestic Violence, Medical Errors, and End of life (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 65-66). Every nursing school has their own requirements. For instance some use the TEAS entrance exam while others use the NET test or HESI. The nursing program shall have a written plan for the systematic evaluation of the total program and its outcomes for the purpose of determining competency, adequacy and effectiveness. The parent institution has to provide financial and administrative support and resources to the nursing program such as classroom space, labs, and office space. The faculty-student ratio shall be at a maximum ratio of 1:12 in community-based learning experience setting. The nursing program shall admit students to the program based upon the number of faculty, available educational facilities and resources, and the availability of clinical learning experiences for the student. It shall provide written policies for admission, readmission, transfer, advanced placement, promotion, graduation, withdrawal, or dismissal to the student shall be consistent with those for students in the parent institution and acceptable educational standards. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 39). The Board of Nursing is created within the department and shall consist of 13 members to be appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the Senate. Seven members of the board must be registered nurses who are residents of this state and who have been engaged in the practice of professional nursing for at least 4 years, including at least one advanced registered nurse practitioner, one nurse educator member of an approved program, and one nurse executive. These seven board members should be representative of the diverse areas of practice within the nursing profession. In addition, three members of the board must be licensed practical nurses who are residents of this state and who have been actively engaged in the practice of practical nursing for at least 4 years prior to their appointment. The remaining three members must be residents of the state who have never been licensed as nurses and who are in no way connected with the practice of nursing. No person may be appointed as a lay member who is in any way connected with, or has any financial interest in, any health care facility, agency, or insurer. At least one member of the board must be 60 years of age or older. As the terms of the members expire, the Governor shall appoint successors for terms of 4 years, and such members shall serve until their successors are appointed. (Nurse Practice Act, 2007, P. 9). Throughout this paper I have learned so much more than I had expected. The Nursing Practice Act is so important in so many ways. You have to work hard and maintain that hard work throughout a nursing career. Myself as well as the rest of the nursing students will use this book not as coffee table decoration but as a guide for our journey of becoming nurses. Nursing is an art: and if it is to be made an art, it requires as exclusive a devotion, as hard a preparation, as any painter’s or sculptor’s work: for what is the having to do with dead canvas or cold marble, compared with having to do with the living spirit—the temple of God’s spirit? It is one of the Fine Arts; I had almost said, the finest of Fine Arts. † (Nightingale) Reference Page Nurse Practice Act, F. S. 456 (2007) How to cite Nursing Practice Act, Essay examples

Advertising Strategies of Colgate Brand

Question: Write a detailed analysis on how the advertising for the brand has changed over the years, what marketing and advertising strategies the company uses, how the organization takes into account Consumer behavior, trends and attitudes, what the values and beliefs of the brand are and its consumers, how the brand positions itself against its competitors and how this may vary upon country. Answer: Introduction The strategy for advertising is a campaign that can be created to communicate different ideas about the services and products to the target audiences to convince them in buying the services and the products. This strategy is to be developed in intelligent and rational manner as it helps to reflect the business. The key plan behind development of effective advertising strategy is flexible and creative planning that is focused on in-depth knowledge of the target audience. The main reason behind implementing effective advertising strategies are to promote the business awareness of its services and products, increase the sales to attract more customers and competitors and also modify or establish the brand image. This means advertising is all about reminding, persuading and informing the consumers in the market. This report will be highlighting the advertising strategies that the company-Colgate follows to promote its products, will also understand the behaviour of its target customers and their attitudes towards the brand and evaluate the position of the brand compared to its competitors in the market. The brand will be analysed from global perspective. Advertising Strategies of Brand Colgate is softening grounding uniting with buyers up non-customary routes, especially by utilizing the Internet and cell telephones. One of the successful strategies is gained by the prevalent utilization of the expression "Colgate Smile" for any awesome smile. Colgate supports individual, enthusiastic association with their image by welcoming shoppers to share their "Colgate Smiles" through photos, stories and features posted on www.ColgateSmile.com and various person to person communication locales, for example, Facebook and MySpace. To best achieve today's customers, Colgate uses incorporated promoting correspondences that incorporate a blend of customary and new media, and additionally innovative limited time exercises. Case in point, as a component of its exceptionally effective marketing campaign- "Feeding Is Believing". To promote its brand, Colgate mainly uses advertising strategies. Its distinctive products which are intended for diverse sections are focused to the group of onlookers by highlighting its components. Its normal slogan for all products is - "No1 brand recommended by dentist". As such no advancement is done at retail level aside from the suggestion by the businessperson. However in the rural markets Colgate utilizes VAN (van is a versatile advancement station having screen show facilities, slide show and mike reputation). In India, the researchers of Colgate had submerged themselves in the lives of villagers, watching and examining their oral consideration propensities, how they clean their homes and other every day schedules. A key learning was that moms trust in a superior life for their kids through instruction. In view of this knowledge, Colgate executed an exceptional advertising strategy that helped form mindfulness for good oral consideration propensities and offered grants to kids. Another way Colgate interfaces with today's shoppers all inclusive is by using integrated marketing communications that incorporate a mixture of non-traditional and traditional media. The launching of Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief toothpaste utilized numerous computerized touch focuses, including online media, highlighting the powerful testimonials of the consumer and also web sites for informative products. These activities, consolidated with more promotional events and customary media, are adding to more market share (Colgate, 2011). Colgate educates its clients about its new products and also the item that is being utilized by the clients. Colgate-Palmolive induces and persuades its new and additionally old clients to buy its new products. By using an effective advertising strategies Colgate has succeeded to hold its brand image and customers. By this Colgate unequivocally concentrates on distinctive advertising or promotional methods like sale promotion, publicity, advertis ing, mass selling etc. Colgate has substantiated itself as a sharp onlooker of the business and the way of life all around itself. Colgate has done in the past and as yet doing right now. It is delivering presenting its products extraordinarily for the children. Colgate is extremely famous among youthful children simply due to its ideal advertising strategies. Colgate promotes the kids products by naming the cartoon characters like Barney, Barbie Looney tunes etc (Berger, 2011). Colgate's solid associations with experts have added to making Colgate and Hill's the most suggested brands by dental specialists and veterinarians around the world. Proficient supports fabricate validity for Colgate's brands and drive item trial.In the United States, Colgate's new Oral Health Advisor system is building associations with dental hygienists to further commute proficient suggestions for Colgate items and expand tolerant use. Also, In the United States, Colgate worked together with store anchor Kroger to revamp the oral consideration path. In view of a mixture of customer experiences and client information, Colgate's cross-useful business group worked nearly with the retailer to actualize a more customer well disposed path. Colgate endeavors to advance consciousness of good oral wellbeing all through the world. In Malawi, Colgate collaborated with the Malawi Ministry of Health amid Oral Health Month to help teach youngsters and grown-ups about great oral consideration pr opensities. The battle incorporated an effective broadcast message that advanced solid oral consideration propensities and highlighted the Ministry's backing of Colgate items. The new outline pulled in more customers and expanded class deals. In little rustic shops where space is constrained, Colgate agents work nearly with shop proprietors to accomplish the perfect arrangement of Colgate items with the best perceivability. Unique bundling that serves as a self-show unit, for example, toothbrush allocators and hanging sachets, is only one procedure that gives promoting adaptability to shop proprietors and prevalent perceivability for Colgate items. Giving moment and enduring help from the torment brought on by tooth affectability, Colgate Sensitive Pro-Relief toothpaste is driving boundless piece of the overall industry picks up for Colgate in the critical, quickly developing affectability fragment. Inside only a couple of months of its dispatch in Greece, Colgate picked up business initiative in the affectability section surprisingly. In China Colgate's exceptionally proficient toothbrush plant in Sanxiao, China, is expanding the adaptability and limit of the Company's worldwide inventory network. The biggest toothbrush industrial facility on the planet, the new plant creates 1.4 billion brushes every year and holds fast to the most elevated norms of vitality proficiency furthermore, ecological quality (colgate.com, 2010). Consumer Behaviour, Trends and Attitudes Presently, consumers are additional requesting of what they esteem in brand decision priceless and are influenced by a developing exhibit of new influencers. Connecting with to build Colgate Brands means expanded engagement with their buyers, clients, the calling and different influencers with effective incorporated marketing campaigns that exploit online networking sites and digital technologies. They are likewise concentrating on distinguishing more profound, more significant bits of knowledge to build up more grounded associations with the majority of their voting demographics and make a more profound level of duty to their brands. The Net Sales of the company grew to 7.5% and continued growing for 4%. Due to better response of the customers Colgate have rose the advertising expenditure to 5% and market share has grown across many of the core categories. In 2011, developing markets embodied more than a large portion of their worldwide deals have been an essential part of growth strategy of Colgate for quite a while. By focusing effectively and timely, they have developed driving business sector and strong consumer loyalty positions in a number of key categories. Today, these business sectors have vigorous GDP development, a huge populace with low penetration of product and even lower utilization, lower consumers, growth rates and growth categories. The growth strategy of Colgate, in these businesses concentrates on driving utilization. For example, they teach customers about the advantages of good health care of oral and give products to test as samples, for example, "Bright Smiles, Bright Futures". With this worldwide activity, Colgate has come to more than 650 million youngsters, and consistently they cooperate with dental experts and their retail accomplices to support an oral wellbeing month in each of their topographies (Semenik and O'Guinn, 2012). In North-America, in the year 2011, the sales declined by 0.5% and the volume of the unit grew by 2%. The operating profit had reduced by 11%. Brands like Colgate Senstitive Pro-Relief and Colgate Optic White toothpastes and also the re-launching of the Colgate Total toothpaste have contributed towards the oral health care. Similarly in the year 2011 in Latin America, the sales of Colgate had increased by 12% and the unit volume grew by 4.5%. There was decrease in the operating profit of the company by 9%. Additionally, in South Pacific or Europe, the unit volume and sales grew by 5% and 9% respectively in the year 2011. 4% was added by Sanex acquisition to the unit volume and sales. However, the Operating profit declined by 4%. In Africa and Asia, unit volume grew by 6.5% and sales by 9.5%. The acquisition of Sanex added extra 0.5%. The operating profit increased by 5%. In Hills Pet Nutrition, the Veterinary recommendations are high and operating profit was similar to 2010. The sale s have increased by 4.5% (Colgate, 2011). Brand Position Brand Positioning techniques can be considered and grew in a mixture of ways. It is developed from the applications, competition, object attributes and consumer types included, or the attributes of the product class. Every one of these traits speak to an alternate approach in creating situating procedures, despite the fact that every one of them have the regular goal of anticipating an ideal picture in the customers' mind. Colgate mainly uses positioning approach based on its competitors. In this positioning strategy an explicit or implicit reference frame is one or more rivalries. Now and again, reference competitor(s) can be the overwhelming part of the positioning methods of the firm, the firm either utilizes the same of comparative situating procedures as utilized by the contenders or the promoter uses another system taking the contenders' technique as the base. Initially when Colgate entered the market, concentrated on to protection of the family however when Pepsodent went into the business with spotlight on 24 hour security and essentially for children, Colgate transformed its center from family assurance to children teeth assurance. This is positioning strategy based on the strategy of competitor (Hackley, 2005). Other than the Pepsodent direct attack, section of a substantial worldwide player like Oral B has further escalated rivalry in the general toothpaste class. Brands, for example, Paradontax and Sensodyne have come in with forceful advertising procedures and have made little sub-segments for themselves, potentially at the expense of Colgate. Colgate reacted with Colgate Sensitive yet Sensodyne still has a bigger offer of the sensitive toothpaste market. Colgate has over the course of the years attempted to battle the sub-fragments through a sub-marking procedure and has dispatched sub-brands, for example, Colgate Total, Colgate Active Salt, Colgate Sensitive, Colgate Gel and Colgate Herbal. It is clear that alternate players, other than PG and Unilever, are not extremely quick to take Colgate head-on in its principle product offering. Thus, they have begun smaller segments portions for themselves and, with an engaged system, are figuring out how to remain pioneers in their separate sub -fragments. Their endeavours are along these lines to gradually develop these classes and additionally their shares in the business (Irani, 2012). While bigger players, for example, Unilever are attempting to develop the business sector and catch offers, players, for example, GSK have made a corner for themselves in the market of delicate toothpaste. Through a progression of augmentations, Colgate has expanded its share of the business to 54.5% in 2012 from 52.4% in 2011. As per the extension strategy appears to have worked in marginally and retaining developing its share, analysts think that this technique will be powerful. In India Colgate had followed the single-brand strategy and also acquired Cibaca, however in different nations Colgate has different brands, for example, Dentagard and Elmex (KUILA, 2014). Colgate is strongly emphasised around linking its objectives and strategies with those of its trade partners keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish common success. Colgate individuals comprehend that the way they work together is pretty much as critical as the outcomes they accomplish. Colgate has created worldwide business offering rule that apply to their associations with all clients, paying little heed to their size or area. These standards give particular rules on the best way to accomplish business objectives while looking after Colgates responsibility to its values and to maintaining the most astounding moral principles in its business dealings. Development is a foundation of Colgate's method to drive beneficial development. While advancement in new item improvement is key, similarly essential is development all through the greater part of the Company's business capacities and procedures (O'Guinn, Allen and Semenik, 2003). The innovation extends at Colgate in latest products to all business capacities. Colgate added to an online exclusive apparatus that aides arrange the timing and consistency of the marketing messages of the company over all media channels. Colgate has made a creative, movement construct instructional class that centers with respect to the key part that store network coordinated effort plays in conveying against client desires. Members, who incorporate supply chain staff, customer service and customer development through group practices how to address supply chain network and other business difficulties and still convey best-in-class administration to Colgate's retail accomplices at the most reduced expense. Cultivating open communication among all Colgate individuals, the Company keeps workers included by coming to profound into the association consistently by means of e-mails, webcasts, messages, tutoring and giving an assortment of online and classroom training classes to reinforce aptitudes (Rijkens, 1992). Conclusion In conclusion, the brand Colgate has been a standout amongst the most trusted brands for quite a long time. It is not just the more established era which grew up with Colgate, it is a first brand, notwithstanding for the youthful, in the matter of oral consideration. The brand has confronted blasts of rivalry occasionally and has battled back successfully to recover market share. Colgate's development is started by the creative items we acquire to market their key item classes, and we keep on being exceptionally centered around verifying they have advancement at all value focuses. This system offers shoppers a decision of items from passage level to super premium and permits them the chance to exchange up as extra cash levels rise. This report highlights that advertising plays a vital role in the improving the brand image of Colgate. Various advertising strategies and positional strategy based on the competitors have helped the brand to capture the market. Strategies like recommendat ions from the dentists and acquisition of Sanex have helped the brand to position itself uniquely. Efficiency and effectiveness remain a key need, mirroring the significance of changing the way Colgate cooperates to produce new supports for development. By concentrating on various particular zones, for example, valuing greatness and rearrangements, and investigating new regions, they will keep on growing stores to put resources into their new items and the advertising exercises behind them. References Berger, A. (2011). A Strategic Analysis of Colgate  s toothpaste product line: Marketing Strategy. GRIN Verlag. Colgate, (2011). Annual Report. 2011. [online] United States: Colgate. Available at: https://www.colgate.com/us/en/annual-reports/2011/#Home [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]. colgate.com, (2010). Colgate: Global Strategies, Local Strength. [online] Available at: https://www.colgate.com/Colgate/US/Corp_v2/Annual-Reports/2010/HomePage/ColgatePalmolive2010AnnualReport.pdf [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]. Hackley, C. (2005). Advertising and promotion. London: SAGE Publications. Indiainfoline.com, (2015). Express Idea: Colgate BUY. [online] Available at: https://www.indiainfoline.com/article/research-recommendation-equity/express-idea-colgate-%E2%80%93-buy-115022500372_1.html [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]. Irani, D. (2012). Most Trusted Brands 2012: How Colgate has managed to retain the top-most ranking - The Economic Times. [online] The Economic Times. Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/magazines/brand-equity/most-trusted-brands-2012-how-colgate-has-managed-to-retain-the-top-most-ranking/articleshow/17099487.cms [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]. KUILA, V. (2014). CASE STUDY: Will Colgates branding strategy beat the competition?. [online] The Hindu Business Line. Available at: https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/on-campus/case-studies/case-study-will-colgates-branding-strategy-beat-the-competition/article6317514.ece [Accessed 9 Jun. 2015]. O'Guinn, T., Allen, C. and Semenik, R. (2003). Advertising and integrated brand promotion. Mason, Ohio: Thomson/South-Western. Rijkens, R. (1992). European advertising strategies. London, England: Cassell. Semenik, R. and O'Guinn, T. (2012). Advertising and promotions. Mason, Ohio: South-Western/Cengage Learning.